What is the purpose of an economizer in a boiler system?

The purpose of an economizer in a boiler system is primarily to reduce fuel consumption. This is achieved by preheating the feedwater that enters the boiler using the exhaust gases produced during the combustion process. By utilizing waste heat, the economizer increases the overall efficiency of the boiler, allowing it to require less fuel to generate the same amount of steam or hot water.

When feedwater enters the boiler at a higher temperature, it takes less energy to convert that water into steam, resulting in lower fuel usage. This process not only enhances operational efficiency but also leads to cost savings and a reduced environmental impact due to lower greenhouse gas emissions.

In contrast, increasing steam pressure does not directly relate to the economizer's function, as an economizer focuses on heat recovery rather than pressure management. Purging exhaust gases is a separate function related to maintaining safe operation and does not directly involve the economizer's goals. Additionally, enhancing water treatment refers to the management of water quality to prevent boiler damage, which is outside the economizer's role.